Aluminum tips?

Mostly Printed CNC - MPCNC Advice
#1

Hi guys,
Is it better to use a 1/8 or 1/16 endmill when milling aluminum? Both bits are double flute? I have an image of what I’m trying to do below. The shape is going to be milled of 1/4" 6061 aluminum. The yellow areas will be pocket holes 1mm deep, the larger yellow area at bottom will be 4.7mm deep. The blue holes will be tapped with a thread mill and 5.35 deep. All other holes will be all the way thru.

My thoughts, use 1/8 endmill to cut main shape and pocket holes, and use 1/16 endmill for the drill holes. Or should I just use the 1/16 endmill to cut everything?

Am I better off going with trochoidal milling for this? And would anyone have any recommendations for settings? What would be a good setting for the holding tabs?

Going from mdf to aluminum, should I not use the same endmill bit? A old time woodworker told me with router bits that mdf dulls them out well, not sure if it’s true or applies to endmills.

Thanks,
Mark

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#2

Pump the brakes!

Do some test cuts first, looks like you will have a giant open area in the middle. Do a small test with all of the same features, a hole, pocket and a cut out.

Test cuts will save you a ton of time and money.

My biggest suggestion would be to get it as physically close as possible to your gantry, to increase rigidity. Start with the 1/8" and see how it goes. The 1/16" will need less force but will be much easier to break with bad CAM.

#3

Hi,

1/8 will perform better because of larger flute spaces -> less risk of clogging.
But for aluminum single flute is generally better.

Let’s hope it is 6061 T6 instead of T4 - because the soft version of this alloy is hard to machine and has a strong tendency to clog and break tools. The hard version is OK.

It is very likely the tool will break during drilling deep holes-> just drill 1mm and do the rest with a manual drill press.

Much better. You’ll have to try settings on a scrap piece first - in Estlcam I’d suggest 1 - 2% trochoidal step length and 3mm depth per pass. Medium to high spindle RPM - feedrate so it does not shake up the machine too much.

He is right - and a sharp bit is especially important for aluminum.

#4

Thanks for the replies guys!
I’ll get the aluminum as close to the gantry as possible.

Yup it’s 6061 T6. It’s a 2’ x 4’ x 1/4 plate, I was going to cut it down to 2’x2’, but I’m thinking now that I’ll just mill a straight line to cut it for practice. And I’ll do some practice cuts as well.

Do you have any suggestions for feedrate?

Thanks for your time!

#5

My first aluminum test…

.1doc
4mm/s feedrate
2mm/s plunge
12000rpm
1/8" upcut double flute carbide endmill
40"x40"x3.5" build, stainless steel tubing.

I didn’t try trochoidal milling yet, will try it soon. With z axis raised to top, I built up and have about a 1/4" clearance from tip of bit to material. I thinking about moving my spindle up so that the tip of my bit is just a little lower the the z rails.

I needed to cut my plate in half so I figured would be a great test and no worries of any major screw ups. Took about 9hrs between two evenings after work. Two main factors for taking so long… I engraved a line(not sure if it was the right option). With that is would cut left to right, raise and travel all the way back to starting point then start cutting again. The other factor, I wasn’t getting a consistent depth of cut, and started getting chatter, so I would stop, raise z axis a little and re zero and start again. Not sure if my spindle is enough power for cutting aluminum. I’m using the one in the parts links, 500w 12000rpm max.

Things i need to do now…
Raise spindle higher?
Switch out spindle to my 1hp Bosch colt router?
Face my work area so it’s level with my spindle/router
Thinking about adding mid supports
Connect vac or air to move the clips away
Wire management

#6

Looked a lot faster than 4mm/s

How did it turn out?

If you are trying to decrease job length you could start going a little deeper (deeper is my vote) or a little faster but not both at the same time.

#7

It turned out ok, could have been way better. Main issue was that I was getting chattering at certain times, so I would have to stop the machine. Not sure what was causing it. Few thoughts that may be causing the issue… aluminum not secure enough to spoil board and with upcut bit it was lifghting little? I did have it screwed down though. Spindle is not strong enough? Slight flexing in tubing? I figure I’ll add mid supports just to rule that out.

When I tried .2 and .3 depth of cut it chattered big time where I had to stop it immediately.

Your right about feedrate, it took 2 minutes to cut 24" (609.6mm) so if I’m doing the math right… 609.6mm / 120sec (2minute cut time) would be 5.075mm/s. just looked at the gcode and F300 so was 5 mm/s, could have sworn I set it to 4mm/s.

Do you think 12,000rpm is plenty for milling aluminum, not sure if spindle is 12,000rpm under load.

#8

Well you have an extremely large machine, that might be your top speed for aluminum. Very hard to say.

Move your material up as high as you can to minimize gantry flexy. That spindle you bought has a very long shaft, extension, and collet. You might want to move it up a notch on the tool holder so the collet is just below the bottom.

If you goal is to cut aluminum a lot more often you should make the machine smaller.

#9

I know the machine is on the larger side. I have a project that calls for a 20"x20" 1/4" aluminum part. Would love to scale it down.

As of right now I blame the reason why the cut didn’t come out as well as I would have liked do to my own user error. With that said it did come out pretty clean considering I jogged the mill over a few .01 in the y direction between cuts, trying to realign after some movement issues when I had bad chatter.

I won’t mind being stuck at 4/5mms cutting aluminum, just hopping to get a better doc from .1mm right now. I think it’s just comes down to learning, trial and error. I have smaller parts I want to cut out in aluminum so I’m going to test on those first before I go for cutting the big boy… I figure when I’m ready to cut the large part I can’t break it up over a few evenings/weekends.

I’m printing out the mid supports as of right now and already moved the spindle up. Think I need to rule out if my spindle can handle aluminum, if not I’ll try out my 1hp colt router. Hoping to have some free time this weekend to try cutting more aluminum.

I gotta say, when I was building the mpcnc I kept saying man I can’t believe how ridgid this machine is designed.

#10

Raise the material up.

The closer it is to the gantry the stiffer the machine. Im one of my videos you can see I have it on 3 pieces of wood. It makes a huge difference.

#11

I was able to get around to raising the spindle and raising the spoil board to the bed. I have a little bit more room then a 1/4" to slide my material under. Also added mid supports on the x axis. Need to modify the parts to fit on the y axis. Currently facing my spoil board, then I’ll be able to get back on practicing aluminum milling.

#12

Gave it another go…

3 mm/s feed rate
2 mm/s plunge
.2 doc
1/8" double flute endmill

It was going great then it jumped over, belts are tight. I’m wondering if my spindle can’t give enough rpm for aluminum (it’s max is 12,000rpm).hin,king it hung up and caused it to jump over.Im using manual stops and got about 2.5mm through, so im going to try finishing this cut tomorrow. Also smaller holes aren’t coming out circular but the larger holes came out great, not sure if it’s gcode related.

Still more learning to do lol.

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#13

Keep an eye in tip clogging. Try with one flute end mill.
Btw looks pretty good!

#14

I’m starting to sound like a parrot, but for your long cuts use a trochoidal path. It will really help. I’ve seen a few videos on youtube from a larger home built cnc router and he used them for everything, seems to work much better. The bit should stay cooler so it will cut better.

#15

Trochoidal, and maybe a bit more load, either a little faster or a little deeper.

Your cuts are good you just need to run some test cuts. See how far you can push it, sometimes slower and shallower is not the answer, or maybe slower and deeper I feel you are leaving a lot of time on the table here.

#16

Thanks guys for the replies!

I’m going to give it another go this evening.

Would anyone have any suggestions on settings to try out for trochoidal milling? Seems like I get crazy long mill times when setting it.

#17

Christian gave you some suggestions above.

#18

Think I jumped the gun before posting. I didn’t see anything about a good feed rate. Just watched the video Christian made on trochoidal milling. Tested a 45mm line at 20mm/s and worked nicely. Think I can bump up my feed rate more as well.

#19

First successful aluminum part milled out of 1/4" with trochoidal milling. Very very happy with the result and how well it milled overall. Still have some tweaking to figure out. Not sure why the line about 1mm from bottom. Now I need to figure out a good size for holding tabs and then work on figuring out a finish pass.

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#20

Looks pretty good. What settings did you end up with?